
Section 41
Sell Online
Every way to sell beyond your own town: open networks, government buying, marketplaces, B2B portals and your own WhatsApp or web store. For each: who can sell, the fees, the papers and the steps.
- ways to sell
- 16
- rules to know first
- 6
Fees change often and vary by category; each card links the official fee page. Checked: 21 October 2026
Open network
1Open networkONDC through a seller app
Best for: Kirana shops, restaurants, makers and MSMEs that want online orders from many buyer apps without being tied to one marketplace.
FeesONDC does not publish one fee for sellers: each seller app sets its own charges and payment period, so compare them before you sign. Under the MSME-TEAM initiative (2024 to 2027), seller apps can get government support to help micro and small enterprises with catalogues, account management, logistics and packaging (PIB, 4 Jan 2025).PaymentPaid by your seller app, which ONDC says is responsible for passing on payments to sellers; the period is set in your agreement with that app.Papers, steps and paymentClose
Who can sell
ONDC is an open network, not an app. You join through a Seller Network Participant (a seller app), which connects you to the network, puts your catalogue online and passes on your payments; a business selling only its own goods can also run its own seller node. Under GST law, anyone selling goods through an e-commerce operator that collects TCS normally needs GST registration. Since 1 Oct 2023, a seller whose turnover is within the GST registration limit can instead declare PAN on the GST portal and get an enrolment number; such a seller may sell through e-commerce in one state only and may not make inter-state sales (Notification 34/2023-Central Tax). Composition dealers may also sell goods through e-commerce operators from 1 Oct 2023, within their own state.
Papers you need
- PAN of the business or owner
- GSTIN, or the GST enrolment number if you are below the registration limit
- Bank account and IFSC
- FSSAI registration or licence number if you sell food
- Shop or business address and product photos
Steps
- Open the list of seller-side participants on ondc.org and pick a seller app that serves your category and city.
- Sign up with the seller app and complete its KYC with PAN, GST details and bank account.
- Upload your catalogue: product name, photos, MRP, selling price, stock and delivery area.
- Agree the seller app's fee and settlement period in writing.
- Ask the seller app whether you qualify for help under MSME-TEAM.
Sources (5)
- Seller Network Participants · 2026
- Revolutionizing Digital Commerce: The ONDC Initiative (backgrounder, 4 Jan 2025) · 2025
- Notification No. 34/2023-Central Tax (31 Jul 2023): registration exemption for small suppliers of goods through e-commerce operators, from 1 Oct 2023 · 2023
- Finance Bill 2023: GST amendments, including section 10 (composition) and e-commerce · 2023
- Notification No. 28/2023-Central Tax: GST provisions of the Finance Act, 2023 in force from 1 Oct 2023 · 2023
Government buyers
2Government buyersGeM (Government e-Marketplace)
Best for: Makers and service firms with standard products (furniture, stationery, IT goods, cleaning, security) that can meet government specifications and wait for payment after acceptance.
FeesRegistration is free. Once a seller's order value crosses ₹20 lakh in a financial year, an Annual Milestone Charge of ₹10,000 plus GST applies. Transaction charges apply on contracts above ₹10 lakh, at slab rates in GeM's revenue policy; vendor assessment fees are in its Vendor Validation Policy. The caution-money deposit was discontinued in 2025 (GeM Seller FAQs, read Oct 2026).Papers, steps and paymentClose
Who can sell
Businesses of different forms, including proprietorships and companies, can register as sellers. GeM lists GST number as optional at registration, but most bids and invoices need it in practice; Udyam registration lets micro and small enterprises claim purchase-preference benefits, and DPIIT-recognised startups can get relaxations in bids.
Papers you need
- Aadhaar or PAN of the primary user, with linked mobile number
- Business PAN
- CIN (companies only)
- Bank account and IFSC
- Registered address
- Income-tax returns of the last 3 years if the business is older than 24 months (for bids)
- Optional: GSTIN, Udyam number, DPIIT recognition number
Steps
- Go to gem.gov.in and choose seller registration.
- Verify the primary user with Aadhaar or PAN and mobile OTP.
- Fill in the business profile, PAN, address and bank account.
- Complete vendor assessment if your category asks for it.
- List products or services in the right category, then watch for bids and direct orders.
Government buyersIndia Post Dak Ghar Niryat Kendra (export by post)
Best for: Artisans, weavers, craftspeople and small online sellers sending parcels abroad, often orders from their own website or a global marketplace.
FeesYou pay India Post's international postage for the service you choose (for example International Tracked Packet, available to 41 countries per PIB, Dec 2024). Registration on the DNK portal has no published fee. Check current postage on the India Post site.Papers, steps and paymentClose
Who can sell
Any exporter with an Importer-Exporter Code (IEC) for commercial exports. Government had set up 1,013 Dak Ghar Niryat Kendras by Dec 2024 (UP 93, Karnataka 76, Maharashtra 64, Tamil Nadu 64); they offer online postal bill of export, label printing and customs clearance through the post office.
Papers you need
- Importer-Exporter Code (IEC) from DGFT
- GSTIN, with LUT or IGST details for export invoices (if registered)
- Invoice and packing details for each parcel
- Bank account to receive export payments
Steps
- Get an IEC from DGFT if you do not have one.
- Register on dnk.cept.gov.in.
- File the electronic postal bill of export for each consignment on the portal.
- Print the barcoded label, pack the parcel and book it at the nearest Dak Ghar Niryat Kendra or ask for pickup.
- Track the parcel and keep export records for GST refund or LUT.
Marketplaces
7MarketplacesAmazon.in seller
Best for: Branded or packaged products with steady demand across India, where the seller can manage stock and returns.
FeesAmazon.in publishes four kinds of fee: a referral fee that depends on product category and starts at 0%; a closing fee that starts at ₹2 and depends on price and fulfilment channel; a weight handling (shipping) fee from ₹37 per item; and other fees for some programmes. Amazon announced revised closing fees effective 7 Sep 2026. Category rates change often; check sell.amazon.in/fees-and-pricing before pricing (read 21 Oct 2026).PaymentAmazon says you become eligible for payment 7 days after an order is delivered, and it deposits your sales minus fees every 7 days, including Pay on Delivery orders.Papers, steps and paymentClose
Who can sell
Amazon asks for a valid GST number for all products except GST-exempt ones, which can be sold with PAN details. The pickup address must be in the state where your GST is registered. This is Amazon's own rule; GST law separately allows small intra-state sellers to use an enrolment number (see basics).
Papers you need
- GSTIN (or PAN for GST-exempt products only)
- GST certificate (REG-06 with annexures) if online verification fails
- Pickup address in the state of GST registration
- Bank account
- Mobile number and email
Steps
- Go to sell.amazon.in and click 'Start Selling'; sign in or create an account.
- Enter and verify your GST number (verification can take up to 72 hours).
- Choose a store name and enter the pickup address.
- Choose a shipping method: Easy Ship, Self Ship or Fulfilment by Amazon.
- Add your bank account, list products and launch the store.
Sources (5)
- Amazon.in Sell: Fees and Pricing · 2026
- Amazon.in Sell: Seller registration guide · 2026
- Notification No. 34/2023-Central Tax (31 Jul 2023): registration exemption for small suppliers of goods through e-commerce operators, from 1 Oct 2023 · 2023
- Finance Bill 2023: GST amendments, including section 10 (composition) and e-commerce · 2023
- Notification No. 28/2023-Central Tax: GST provisions of the Finance Act, 2023 in force from 1 Oct 2023 · 2023
MarketplacesFlipkart seller
Best for: Consumer products such as fashion, home, electronics accessories and books for buyers across India.
FeesFlipkart publishes its commission, fixed fee, collection fee and shipping fee in Seller Hub (seller.flipkart.com/fees-and-commission). Rates vary by category and price; the page loads as an app and could not be read in a form we could verify, so no figure is printed here.PaymentFlipkart's own pages give different timelines (from about 3 days after pickup for some sellers to 7 to 10 days after delivery). Confirm your payment cycle in Seller Hub.Papers, steps and paymentClose
Who can sell
Flipkart's seller pages ask for a GSTIN for most categories, with books a known exception, plus PAN and a bank account. Platform rules can be stricter than GST law; read Flipkart's current terms before signing up. Under GST law, anyone selling goods through an e-commerce operator that collects TCS normally needs GST registration. Since 1 Oct 2023, a seller whose turnover is within the GST registration limit can instead declare PAN on the GST portal and get an enrolment number; such a seller may sell through e-commerce in one state only and may not make inter-state sales (Notification 34/2023-Central Tax). Composition dealers may also sell goods through e-commerce operators from 1 Oct 2023, within their own state.
Papers you need
- GSTIN (most categories)
- PAN
- Bank account with cancelled cheque or passbook
- Pickup address
- Mobile number and email
Steps
- Go to seller.flipkart.com and register with your mobile number and email.
- Enter GSTIN, PAN, pickup address and bank details.
- Create listings with photos, price and stock.
- Read the fee and commission page in Seller Hub before setting prices.
- Pack orders for Flipkart's pickup.
Sources (6)
- Flipkart Seller Hub · 2026
- Flipkart Seller Hub: Fees and commission · 2026
- How to create a Flipkart seller account
- Notification No. 34/2023-Central Tax (31 Jul 2023): registration exemption for small suppliers of goods through e-commerce operators, from 1 Oct 2023 · 2023
- Finance Bill 2023: GST amendments, including section 10 (composition) and e-commerce · 2023
- Notification No. 28/2023-Central Tax: GST provisions of the Finance Act, 2023 in force from 1 Oct 2023 · 2023
MarketplacesMeesho supplier
Best for: Low-price, unbranded goods such as apparel, home textiles and accessories from small manufacturers and wholesalers.
FeesMeesho's supplier pricing page is titled 'Sell online on Meesho at 0% commission'. Shipping, penalty and other charges are set by Meesho and change; check supplier.meesho.com/pricing. The site blocked automated reading, so only the page title is confirmed.Papers, steps and paymentClose
Who can sell
Meesho accepts a GSTIN, or, for sellers without GST, an Enrolment ID / UIN taken from the GST portal; such sellers can sell only within their registered state. This matches the GST exemption for small intra-state suppliers in Notification 34/2023-Central Tax.
Papers you need
- GSTIN, or GST Enrolment ID / UIN
- PAN
- Bank account
- Pickup address
- Mobile number and email
Steps
- If you have no GST, first get an enrolment number on the GST portal using your PAN.
- Register at supplier.meesho.com with mobile number and email.
- Enter GSTIN or enrolment ID, pickup address and bank details.
- Upload catalogues and set prices after reading the pricing and return terms.
- Pack and hand over orders for pickup.
MarketplacesJioMart seller
Best for: Grocery, home and personal-care brands that want to reach Reliance Retail's online customers.
FeesJioMart does not publish its seller commission on the public seller page. Ask for the fee schedule in writing during onboarding.PaymentJioMart's page promises 'regular payments' but does not state the cycle; confirm it in your agreement.Papers, steps and paymentClose
Who can sell
JioMart's seller page asks new sellers to 'express your interest by requesting an invite', so onboarding is by invitation after review. Under GST law, anyone selling goods through an e-commerce operator that collects TCS normally needs GST registration. Since 1 Oct 2023, a seller whose turnover is within the GST registration limit can instead declare PAN on the GST portal and get an enrolment number; such a seller may sell through e-commerce in one state only and may not make inter-state sales (Notification 34/2023-Central Tax). Composition dealers may also sell goods through e-commerce operators from 1 Oct 2023, within their own state.
Papers you need
- GSTIN (or GST enrolment number where the law allows)
- PAN
- Bank account details
- Business registration and address proof
- Brand trademark or authorisation, if you sell a brand
Steps
- Open seller.jiomart.com and fill in the Express Interest form.
- Wait for JioMart's onboarding team to contact you (seller.onboarding@jiomart.com handles new sellers).
- Submit KYC, GST and bank documents and sign the seller agreement.
- List products and set up dispatch as agreed.
Sources (4)
- JioMart Seller: login and express-interest page · 2026
- Notification No. 34/2023-Central Tax (31 Jul 2023): registration exemption for small suppliers of goods through e-commerce operators, from 1 Oct 2023 · 2023
- Finance Bill 2023: GST amendments, including section 10 (composition) and e-commerce · 2023
- Notification No. 28/2023-Central Tax: GST provisions of the Finance Act, 2023 in force from 1 Oct 2023 · 2023
MarketplacesSwiggy restaurant partner
Best for: Restaurants, cloud kitchens and home-food brands that want delivery orders in cities Swiggy serves.
FeesSwiggy says its commission depends on the restaurant's locality and on whether paid promotions are taken. The rate is set in your partner agreement; it is not published as one number.Papers, steps and paymentClose
Who can sell
Any food business with a valid FSSAI registration or licence; FSSAI has said no food business may operate on any e-commerce platform without one. From 1 Jan 2022, GST on restaurant service supplied through an app is paid by the app (section 9(5) of the CGST Act), not by the restaurant, but Swiggy still asks for your GST certificate where you have one.
Papers you need
- FSSAI registration or licence
- PAN
- GST certificate (if registered)
- Shop and establishment licence
- Cancelled cheque for the bank account
- Menu and owner details
Steps
- Go to partner.swiggy.com and start registration.
- Upload FSSAI, PAN, GST and bank documents and complete KYC.
- Submit your menu and a takeaway bill for verification.
- A Swiggy representative verifies the outlet and you sign the partnership agreement.
- Go live and keep menu prices and preparation times updated.
MarketplacesZomato restaurant partner
Best for: Restaurants and cloud kitchens that want delivery orders and discovery on Zomato.
FeesZomato's terms say the service fee and payment-mechanism fee are 'at the rates set out in the Form' you sign, and Zomato may charge extra for refunds caused by the restaurant (late, missing or poor-quality orders). There is no single published rate.PaymentWeekly settlement after deductions, or within 3 bank working days if the restaurant opts for it in the form. Zomato deducts income tax at source under section 393(1) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 and gives a quarterly TDS certificate.Papers, steps and paymentClose
Who can sell
Food businesses with an FSSAI registration or licence. Zomato's terms require partners to furnish PAN, TAN, GSTIN and FSSAI certificates when asked, and Zomato may delist a partner who does not. For restaurant service, Zomato generates the tax invoice on the restaurant's behalf and pays the GST under section 9(5), in force from 1 Jan 2022.
Papers you need
- FSSAI registration or licence
- PAN
- GSTIN
- TAN (if you have one)
- Bank account details
- Menu with prices
Steps
- Go to zomato.com/partner-with-us and choose 'Add restaurant'.
- Enter outlet details, location and contact person.
- Upload FSSAI, PAN, GST and bank details.
- Upload the menu, mark which items are 'restaurant service', and sign the enrolment form.
- Go live; read the weekly settlement and deduction report every week.
MarketplacesAmazon Global Selling (export)
Best for: Indian brands and makers ready to sell to customers abroad, such as handicrafts, home textiles, Ayurveda, spices, tea and fashion.
FeesFees are set by each Amazon marketplace abroad (the US, UK, UAE and others), not by Amazon India. Amazon's India page advertises new-seller incentives for the US, UK, France, Italy, Spain and Germany. Check each marketplace's fee page before pricing.PaymentAmazon says payments are credited to your bank account in rupees or in foreign currency, as you prefer.Papers, steps and paymentClose
Who can sell
Indian exporters; you do not need an Amazon.in seller account first. Amazon asks for identity proof, address proof and a credit or debit card enabled for international transactions. Export documents (such as IEC) and product rules depend on the product and destination country.
Papers you need
- Identity proof
- Address proof
- Credit or debit card enabled for international transactions
- Importer-Exporter Code (IEC) and other export documents as your product needs
- Bank account to receive payment
Steps
- Choose the marketplaces you want to sell in (Amazon lists 18).
- Register with identity proof, address proof and an international card.
- List products and check each country's product rules.
- Choose your own shipping (Merchant Fulfilled Network) or Fulfilment by Amazon abroad.
- Ship and keep export documents for customs and GST.
Business to business
2Business to businessIndiaMART seller
Best for: Manufacturers, traders and service firms looking for business buyers and bulk enquiries rather than retail orders.
FeesIndiaMART advertises free registration for sellers. It also sells paid membership and lead plans; their prices are not published in a form we could verify, so ask IndiaMART for the current plan price in writing.Papers, steps and paymentClose
Who can sell
Any business can create a free seller listing. IndiaMART mainly brings enquiries; you agree price, delivery and payment with the buyer yourself, and normal GST rules apply to your invoices.
Papers you need
- Mobile number and email
- Business name and address
- GSTIN (if registered)
- Product photos, specifications and price range
Steps
- Go to seller.indiamart.com and register with your mobile number.
- Fill in the business profile and GSTIN if you have one.
- Add products with clear photos, specifications and minimum order quantity.
- Reply quickly to enquiries; settle price, delivery and payment terms with each buyer.
- Consider a paid plan only after you see the quality of free enquiries.
Sources (1)
Business to businessUdaan seller
Best for: Manufacturers, brands and wholesalers selling in bulk to retailers and other businesses.
FeesUdaan's terms say it may charge commissions, transaction fees or other charges and will tell users in advance; no rate card is published.PaymentUdaan says payments run through nodal accounts as per RBI guidelines and that faster settlement cycles are available; the exact cycle is in your terms.Papers, steps and paymentClose
Who can sell
Businesses only. Udaan's terms say users register with business name, GSTIN, PAN, TAN, Udyog Aadhaar and address, and that GST on products and other tax compliance is the seller's responsibility.
Papers you need
- GSTIN
- PAN
- TAN (if any)
- Udyam / Udyog Aadhaar (if any)
- Business address and photo of the place of business
- Bank account
Steps
- Open the 'Sell on Udaan' page and register with your business details.
- Complete KYC with GSTIN and PAN.
- Create your catalogue, with minimum order quantities and trade terms.
- Agree fees and settlement terms with Udaan before the first order.
- Read Udaan's returns and RTO policy for sellers.
Your own store
2Your own storeGoogle Business Profile
Best for: Shops, restaurants, workshops and service businesses that want to be found on Google Search and Maps by nearby customers.
FeesGoogle says creating a Business Profile and listing your business is free. Google Ads are optional and paid.Papers, steps and paymentClose
Who can sell
Any business that meets customers in person or serves a local area. It is a listing, not a sales platform: you take orders by phone, WhatsApp or your website.
Papers you need
- A Google account
- Business name, address or service area, phone and hours
- Whatever proof Google asks for during verification
- Photos of the shop, products and team
Steps
- Go to google.com/business and click 'Create your profile'.
- Enter the business name, category, address or service area and phone.
- Verify the business by the method Google offers.
- Add photos, hours, products or services and your website or WhatsApp link.
- Reply to reviews and keep hours updated.
Your own storeYour own website store (Shopify or similar, with a payment gateway)
Best for: Brands with repeat customers, social media followers or a niche product, which want to keep customer data and margin.
FeesShopify India (read 21 Oct 2026): a 3-day free trial, then ₹20 a month for 3 months on most plans; after that Basic ₹1,499 a month on yearly billing (₹1,994 monthly), Grow ₹5,599 and Advanced ₹22,680 a month (yearly billing). With a third-party payment provider Shopify adds 2% (Basic), 1% (Grow) or 0.6% (Advanced) per sale. Payment gateways charge their own fees for cards and wallets; check their pricing page. Domain and app costs are extra.PaymentSet by your payment gateway's settlement cycle; UPI payments to your own bank account through your own QR reach you directly.Papers, steps and paymentClose
Who can sell
Anyone. Selling from your own site is not selling through an e-commerce operator, so normal GST limits apply: register when turnover crosses the limit or if you sell goods to other states. The website must show the declarations required for packaged goods (MRP, net quantity, maker's name and address, country of origin for imports).
Papers you need
- Domain name
- Business PAN and bank account (for the payment gateway's KYC)
- GSTIN, if registered
- Business address and contact details for the site
- Return, refund, shipping and privacy policies
Steps
- Pick a store builder (Shopify, or another) and a domain name.
- Add products with photos, MRP, selling price, net quantity and other label declarations.
- Sign up with an RBI-authorised payment aggregator and complete KYC; turn on UPI.
- Set shipping rates and tie up with a courier or shipping aggregator.
- Publish return and refund policies and test a full order before launch.
Sources (3)
Know this before you list
GST, TCS and TDS for online sellers
Registration. Section 24(ix) of the CGST Act makes registration compulsory, whatever the turnover, for anyone supplying goods through an e-commerce operator that collects tax at source. Service providers selling through a platform are exempt if their turnover is within ₹20 lakh (₹10 lakh in special category states), except for services where the platform itself pays the tax (GST Council TCS FAQ).
Small sellers of goods. From 1 Oct 2023, a seller of goods whose turnover in the previous and current year is within the normal GST registration limit need not register. Instead, the seller declares PAN, business address and state on the GST portal and gets an enrolment number. Conditions: no inter-state supply, sales through e-commerce in only one state or UT, and one enrolment number per state (Notification 34/2023-Central Tax). Marketplaces call this an Enrolment ID or UIN.
Composition dealers. Until 30 Sep 2023 a composition dealer could not sell through an e-commerce operator. The Finance Act, 2023 removed this bar for goods from 1 Oct 2023; it still applies to services. Composition dealers can sell only within their own state.
TCS under GST. The marketplace collects TCS on the net value of your taxable sales in the month (sales minus returns). From 10 Jul 2024 the CGST part was cut from 0.5% to 0.25% (Notification 15/2024-Central Tax), so total TCS on a sale within a state fell from 1% to 0.5%. TCS is not collected on exempt supplies. The amount is credited to your electronic cash ledger on the basis of the operator's GSTR-8 statement; you can use it to pay GST or claim a refund.
TDS under income tax. The platform also deducts income tax at source on your gross sales. The rate was cut from 1% to 0.1% from 1 Oct 2024 (section 194-O of the Income-tax Act, 1961). From 1 Apr 2026 platforms deduct it under section 393(1) of the Income-tax Act, 2025, as Zomato's partner terms show. Give the platform the correct PAN and claim the credit in your income-tax return.
Restaurants on food apps. From 1 Jan 2022, GST on restaurant service ordered through an app is paid by the app under section 9(5), and the app issues the tax invoice for the restaurant. TCS still applies to other food items that are not restaurant service.
Sources (8)
- Frequently Asked Questions on TCS (updated 30.11.2018) · 2018
- Notification No. 34/2023-Central Tax (31 Jul 2023): registration exemption for small suppliers of goods through e-commerce operators, from 1 Oct 2023 · 2023
- Finance Bill 2023: GST amendments, including section 10 (composition) and e-commerce · 2023
- Notification No. 28/2023-Central Tax: GST provisions of the Finance Act, 2023 in force from 1 Oct 2023 · 2023
- Notification No. 15/2024-Central Tax (10 Jul 2024): TCS under section 52 cut from 0.5% to 0.25% CGST · 2024
- TDS Rates: section 194-O, 1% till 30-09-2024 and 0.1% from 01-10-2024 · 2024
- Highlights of the Union Budget 2024-25 · 2024
- Terms and Conditions for Online Ordering (restaurant partners), last updated 19 Sep 2025 · 2025
FSSAI rules for food sold online
No food business may operate on any e-commerce platform without a valid FSSAI licence or registration, FSSAI's chief executive told e-commerce food businesses in November 2024. Apply on the FoSCoS portal before your first online sale.
Which one you need depends on turnover. Under FSSAI's order effective 1 Apr 2026, registration covers turnover up to ₹1.5 crore (earlier ₹12 lakh); above that and up to ₹50 crore you need a state licence, and above ₹50 crore a central licence. Some kinds of business, such as importers, need a central licence at any size.
Shelf life at delivery. FSSAI asked e-commerce food businesses to ensure that food reaches the customer with a minimum shelf life of 30 per cent or 45 days before expiry. Plan stock rotation and do not send near-expiry stock to marketplace warehouses.
Claims must match the label. Anything you say on the product page (for example 'sugar-free' or 'high protein') must agree with the printed label and FSSAI's labelling rules.
Packaging labels and product-page declarations (Legal Metrology)
Pre-packed goods sold in retail must carry the declarations in the Legal Metrology (Packaged Commodities) Rules, 2011: name and address of the manufacturer, packer or importer, name of the commodity, net quantity, retail sale price (MRP), consumer-care details and others. No one may sell above the printed MRP.
Since 1 Jan 2018, goods displayed by a seller on an e-commerce platform must show these same declarations on the product page. The same amendment bars different MRPs on identical packs.
For imported goods the country of origin must be declared on the e-commerce listing. The Legal Metrology Office issued 183 notices to e-commerce entities for country-of-origin violations in the 12 months to Aug 2021. In Nov 2025 the government proposed that platforms also offer a searchable country-of-origin filter.
From 1 Jan 2027, under the amended Consumer Protection (E-Commerce) Rules, marketplaces must show best-before or use-by dates, return and refund, warranty, delivery and payment details, and importer details and country of origin for imported goods. Give your marketplace complete data so your listing is not blocked.
Sources (5)
- Legal Metrology (Packaged Commodities) Rules, 2011 · 2011
- Amendments in the Legal Metrology (Packaged Commodities) Rules, 2011: products on e-commerce platforms to display declarations (29 Jun 2017) · 2017
- Legal Metrology Office issued 183 notices to e-commerce entities on country of origin (10 Aug 2021) · 2021
- Draft rule: mandatory country-of-origin filter on e-commerce platforms (10 Nov 2025) · 2025
- Government amends E-Commerce Rules to strengthen consumer protection (10 Sep 2026) · 2026
Returns and RTO: the hidden cost of selling online
RTO (return to origin) is a parcel that could not be delivered and comes back to you: the buyer refused it, was not available, gave a wrong address, or did not have cash for a cash-on-delivery order. Udaan's seller policy, for example, allows up to 4 delivery attempts and returns undelivered non-food parcels within 21 days of pickup (50 days for food).
Each RTO costs you the forward shipping, often the return shipping, packing, and stock that is blocked or damaged. On Amazon's Easy Ship, Amazon charges the shipping fee even if you offer free delivery to the customer. Read each platform's return and RTO terms before you set prices.
Customer returns are a separate cost. GST TCS is collected on net sales after returns in the month, but if returns in a month exceed sales the excess is ignored, not carried forward (GST Council TCS FAQ).
Ways to cut the loss: describe size, colour and material honestly; use sturdy packing; confirm cash-on-delivery orders by phone or message; and add a margin for returns in your price. Track your return rate, which marketplaces also watch.
Taking payment: UPI and payment gateways
From January 2020 the merchant discount rate (MDR) on person-to-merchant UPI payments was removed, so a business pays no MDR when a customer pays by UPI, and therefore no GST on it (PIB, 18 Apr 2025). The same policy made MDR zero on RuPay debit cards.
The government has also run an incentive scheme for low-value UPI payments to small merchants since FY 2021-22; allocations were ₹1,389 crore in 2021-22, ₹2,210 crore in 2022-23 and ₹3,631 crore in 2023-24.
Large businesses must offer digital payment. Section 269SU of the Income-tax Act, 1961 required a business with sales above ₹50 crore in the previous year to accept RuPay debit cards, UPI and UPI QR codes. Check the matching rule under the Income-tax Act, 2025 if you are near that size.
For an online store you need a payment gateway (payment aggregator) authorised by RBI, which collects card, net-banking, wallet and UPI payments and settles them to your bank. Gateways charge their own fees on cards and wallets and run KYC on your PAN, bank account and website; compare their published pricing.
Product photos and listing quality
Photos sell online. Amazon's seller guidance asks for a genuine, large product image on a white background, at least 1,006 pixels, so buyers can zoom in, plus several angles and, for clothing, model or mannequin shots. Each marketplace publishes its own image rules; read them before you shoot.
Use your own photos of the actual product. Do not copy another seller's or a brand's images, and do not show items that are not included.
Write titles, descriptions and attributes (size, colour, material, search terms) accurately and specifically. Amazon says these details are how it matches a customer's search to your item, both in normal search and in filters.
The listing must agree with the pack. Price, net quantity, MRP and claims shown online must match the label. From 1 Jan 2027 any announced price cut must show the prior price, defined as the lowest price in the previous 30 days.
Sources (4)
- Best practices to keep in mind while selling online on Amazon
- Amendments in the Legal Metrology (Packaged Commodities) Rules, 2011: products on e-commerce platforms to display declarations (29 Jun 2017) · 2017
- Government amends E-Commerce Rules to strengthen consumer protection (10 Sep 2026) · 2026
- FSSAI urges food business operators to ensure 45-day expiry of their products (12 Nov 2024) · 2024