Building BusinessServices

Section 14

Import & Export

आयात-निर्यात

From your first export order to large-scale exports: 22 government tools, 30 Export Promotion Councils and 12 trade agreements in force today.

export schemes and tools
22
export promotion councils
30
trade agreements in force
12

First export

First export for a small business — step by step

  1. 1
    Get IEC

    Apply online on dgft.gov.in in ANF-2A. Upload cancelled cheque (with entity name) or bank certificate, and address proof. One PAN = one IEC; permanent validity; update details at least once a year.

  2. 2
    Get RCMC

    Register with the EPC/Board for your main product in ANF 2C (HBP 2.79–2.80). If no EPC covers it, use FIEO. RCMC is valid 5 years.

  3. 3
    Find a buyer

    Use EPC trade fairs and BSMs (EPM Market Access Support), Trade Connect e-Platform, Indian Missions.

  4. 4
    Check product rules

    Check ITC(HS) export policy (free/restricted/prohibited), RoDTEP rate in Appendix 4R, and FTA rules of origin for the buyer's country.

  5. 5
    Secure payment

    Take ECGC cover (Small Exporters Policy if turnover ≤ ₹500 lakh) or insist on a Letter of Credit; SCR gives 90% cover including LC-bank risk.

  6. 6
    Arrange finance

    File Intent-to-Claim on dgft.gov.in for EPM interest subvention (2.75%, cap ₹50 lakh) or collateral guarantee before taking packing credit.

  7. 7
    Documents and shipment

    Commercial invoice, packing list, shipping bill (ICEGATE), CoO for FTA, then claim RoDTEP in the shipping bill. Parcels can go by courier or a Dak Ghar Niryat Kendra; the FTP sets no value limit per courier consignment.

  8. 8
    Realise payment

    Get proceeds within FEMA time limit; e-BRC/EDPMS data is needed for RoDTEP retention and AA/EPCG EODC.

Trade agreements

Countries where you can sell at lower duty

You get the benefit only when you take a preferential Certificate of Origin and meet the rules of origin.

AgreementIn forceFor a small exporterHow to use it
India–UAE Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA)1 May 2022Use it for gems & jewellery, textiles, food and engineering to the Gulf; claim zero/low duty with CoO.Get preferential Certificate of Origin (CoO) online via DGFT e-CoO platform and meet rules of origin; fee ₹200 per CoO where applicable (HBP 2.90–2.93)
India–Australia Economic Cooperation and Trade Agreement (ECTA)29 December 2022All Indian goods enter Australia duty free with a valid CoO.Get preferential Certificate of Origin (CoO) online via DGFT e-CoO platform and meet rules of origin; fee ₹200 per CoO where applicable (HBP 2.90–2.93)
India–EFTA Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA) — Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein1 October 2025Non-agricultural exports to Switzerland/Norway get duty-free entry; some processed agri items too.Get preferential Certificate of Origin (CoO) online via DGFT e-CoO platform and meet rules of origin; fee ₹200 per CoO where applicable (HBP 2.90–2.93)
India–UK Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA)15 July 2026Big gain for garment, leather, footwear, jewellery and food MSMEs selling to UK.Get preferential Certificate of Origin (CoO) online via DGFT e-CoO platform and meet rules of origin; fee ₹200 per CoO where applicable (HBP 2.90–2.93)
India–Oman CEPA1 June 2026Almost all exports to Oman duty free from day one.Get preferential Certificate of Origin (CoO) online via DGFT e-CoO platform and meet rules of origin; fee ₹200 per CoO where applicable (HBP 2.90–2.93)
India–New Zealand FTA20 October 2026Check on 20 Oct 2026 that DGFT has notified the CoO module before shipping.Get preferential Certificate of Origin (CoO) online via DGFT e-CoO platform and meet rules of origin; fee ₹200 per CoO where applicable (HBP 2.90–2.93)
India–Mauritius Comprehensive Economic Cooperation and Partnership Agreement (CECPA)in forceSmall market; useful for Africa gateway trade.Get preferential Certificate of Origin (CoO) online via DGFT e-CoO platform and meet rules of origin; fee ₹200 per CoO where applicable (HBP 2.90–2.93)
ASEAN–India Trade in Goods Agreement (AITIGA)in forceCovers 10 ASEAN countries; check product-specific rules of origin.Get preferential Certificate of Origin (CoO) online via DGFT e-CoO platform and meet rules of origin; fee ₹200 per CoO where applicable (HBP 2.90–2.93)
India–Japan CEPAin forceJapan buyers demand strict quality; CoO gives duty edge.Get preferential Certificate of Origin (CoO) online via DGFT e-CoO platform and meet rules of origin; fee ₹200 per CoO where applicable (HBP 2.90–2.93)
India–Korea CEPAin forceCheck tariff schedule before quoting.Get preferential Certificate of Origin (CoO) online via DGFT e-CoO platform and meet rules of origin; fee ₹200 per CoO where applicable (HBP 2.90–2.93)
India–EU FTAnot in forceNot usable yet.Get preferential Certificate of Origin (CoO) online via DGFT e-CoO platform and meet rules of origin; fee ₹200 per CoO where applicable (HBP 2.90–2.93)
India–US Bilateral Trade Agreement (first tranche)not in forceNot usable yet; US tariffs on Indian goods per US executive orders.Get preferential Certificate of Origin (CoO) online via DGFT e-CoO platform and meet rules of origin; fee ₹200 per CoO where applicable (HBP 2.90–2.93)

Export Promotion Councils

30 councils — choose the council for your product

You get the RCMC (registration-cum-membership certificate) from this council — it is needed for export benefits.

Boards & institutions

DGFT, ECGC, EXIM Bank, APEDA and boards

IEC and your first export — shall we do it together?

IEC service