Rapeseed and mustard

What it is

The main rabi oilseed of north India. Kachi ghani mills press mustard oil; the cake is cattle feed.

Black/brown mustard (rai)Yellow sarsonToria

Where India produces it

1. Rajasthan

   2023-24: 5.76 million tonnes (43.43% of India)

2. Madhya Pradesh

   2023-24: 1.96 million tonnes (14.8% of India)

3. Uttar Pradesh

   2023-24: 1.92 million tonnes (14.45% of India)

4. Haryana

   2023-24: 1.34 million tonnes (10.14% of India)

5. West Bengal

   2023-24: 0.79 million tonnes (5.94% of India)

Where imports come from

India is self-sufficient in mustard seed.

Rules before you buy or sell

• Farm-gate trade usually goes through a state APMC mandi or e-NAM; the state's market fee and trader licence rules apply.
• FSSAI licence or registration is needed to process, pack, store or sell it as food (Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006).
• Under the Essential Commodities Act, 1955 the Centre can set stock limits for traders and processors; check current orders.

Businesses that use it

Oil Mill (Kachi Ghani Mustard / Groundnut) →Pickle (Achar) Unit →Cattle Feed (Pellet) Unit →