Wheat

What it is

India's main rabi cereal. Mills grind it into atta, maida, sooji and dalia; it also goes into biscuits, bread and noodles.

Sharbati / MP lokwan (premium atta wheat)Durum (pasta and sooji)Fair Average Quality (FAQ) as per FCI procurement specification

Where India produces it

1. Uttar Pradesh

   2023-24: 35.34 million tonnes (31.19% of India)

2. Madhya Pradesh

   2023-24: 22.58 million tonnes (19.93% of India)

3. Punjab

   2023-24: 17.74 million tonnes (15.66% of India)

4. Haryana

   2023-24: 11.19 million tonnes (9.88% of India)

5. Rajasthan

   2023-24: 9.7 million tonnes (8.56% of India)

Where imports come from

India grows almost all the wheat it uses; imports in 2024-25 were small (US$ 43.49 million under HS 1001).

• Australia — US$ 39.57 million imported under HS 1001 in 2024-25

Rules before you buy or sell

• Farm-gate trade usually goes through a state APMC mandi or e-NAM; the state's market fee and trader licence rules apply.
• Under the Essential Commodities Act, 1955 the Centre can set stock limits for traders and processors; check current orders.
• Import and export are governed by the ITC(HS) policy; check the current DGFT notification before you sign a contract, because policy for farm goods changes often.
• FSSAI licence or registration is needed to process, pack, store or sell it as food (Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006).

Storage and handling

Dry, aerated godown or silo; keep moisture low and fumigate against stored-grain pests.

Businesses that use it

Atta Chakki / Flour Mill →Bakery (Bread / Biscuit / Cookies) →Daliya (Broken Wheat) Making →Vermicelli (Seviyan) Unit →Noodles Making Unit →Instant Noodles Making →Multigrain Pasta Unit →Rusk Making Unit →Wheat Gluten Making →