What it is
Rhizomes are boiled, dried and polished into fingers and bulbs, then ground into powder or extracted for curcumin.
Fingers and bulbsSalem, Erode, Rajapuri, Nizamabad and Lakadong typesGraded by curcumin %
Where India produces it
- Maharashtra
2024-25 (final): 307136 tonnes
- Tamil Nadu
2024-25 (final): 167082 tonnes
- Telangana
2024-25 (final): 97519 tonnes
- Madhya Pradesh
2024-25 (final): 96129 tonnes
- Karnataka
2024-25 (final): 82746 tonnes
Where imports come from
India is the largest producer and a net exporter.
- Afghanistan — US$ 28.14 million imported under HS 0910 in 2024-25
- Myanmar — US$ 18.35 million imported under HS 0910 in 2024-25
- Vietnam — US$ 14.12 million imported under HS 0910 in 2024-25
Rules before you buy or sell
- Farm-gate trade usually goes through a state APMC mandi or e-NAM; the state's market fee and trader licence rules apply.
- FSSAI licence or registration is needed to process, pack, store or sell it as food (Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006).
- Exporters must register with the Spices Board (Certificate of Registration as Exporter of Spices, CRES).
- Lead chromate colouring is illegal; FSSAI tests turmeric powder for lead.
Businesses that use it
Turmeric Value-Added Products →Organic Turmeric Paste Trading and Packing →Masala / Spice Grinding Unit →Cryogenic Spice Grinding →Curry Powder and Rice Powder Unit →